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Accumbent Lying against, facing, or extending up something. Contrast DECUMBENT.
Adventitious Root Root that forms on a stem or leaf after it has been cut and planted. In some cases, the cutting is treated with rooting hormone.
Ague: Malarial or intermittent fever.
Alexipharmic: A medicine neutralising a poison.
Alterative: Medication that gradually overcomes an unhealthy condition. Restoring normal body functions.
Amara: Term used to designate bitter-constituent drugs. Pure bitters are called amara tonica; bitters Containing ESSENTIAL OILS are called amara aromatica; bitters containing acrid substances are called amara acria.
Anodyne: Relieving pain.
Antispasmodic: Medication that relieves muscular cramps or spasms.
Apoplexy: Paralysis from rupture of a cerebral vessel.
Aperitive: Medication that has a gentle, laxative effect.
Aromatic: A fragrant herb.
Astringent: Producing contraction of organic tissue, or arrest of a discharge.
Axil Upper angle between a leaf and a stem; usually contains an axillary bud.
Axungia: Lard.
Biles: Boils.
Blain: A blister or pustule.
Bloody flux: Dysentery.
Bract: Leaf that forms from an AXIL, often associated with an INFLORESCENCE.
Cachexia: Severe wasting as in terminal disease.
Calmative Medication that reduces nervousness or excitement. Also called a sedative or tranquilliser.
Cantharides: Dried and powdered beetle.
Carminative Medication that aids in the expulsion of intestinal gases, or that reduces their formation. A medicine that expels flatulence.
Casting: Vomiting.
Catamenia: Menstrual flow.
Cataplasm: Poultice.
Cathartic: A purgative medicine.
Choleretic Medication that increases bile flow.
Cholagogue: A medicine to increase the flow of bile.
Cephalic: A medicine to clear the head.
Ceruse: Lead carbonate.
Choler: Bile.
Clysters: Enema or injection.
Corolla: Collective term for the petals that are the second whorl of the floral envelopes. It is interior to the SEPALS.
Corona: Crown; any appendage that stands between the COROLLA and the STAMENS.
Courses: Menstrual flow.
Crenate: With rounded teeth along the margin. Contrast SERRATE.
Cuspidate: With an apex abruptly and concavely constricted into an elongated, pointed tip.
Decoction: A medicine produced by boiling roots, bark, etc. in water.
Decussate: Arranged oppositely in pairs along a stem. Each successive pair is set at right angles to the preceding pair, producing four distinct rows of leaves.
Dehiscent: Fruit that splits open at maturity, releasing or exposing its contents.
Defluxion: Catarrh.
Deobstruent: An aperient.
Detersive: Cleansing medicine.
Dioecious Species that has male and female flowers growing on different plants. Contrast MONOECIOUS.
Diaphoretic: Inducing sweating.
Distemper: Ailment.
Distillation: A trickling discharge.
Diuretic: Increasing flow of urine.
Draught: A quantity of medicine taken in one dose.
Dropsy: Watery swelling in the tissues of cavities of the body.
Decumbent Lying down or along the ground. Contrast ACCUMBENT. .
Drupe Stone fruit. An outer fleshy layer covers an interior stony or woody core containing a single seed, as in the cherry or peach.
Eczema: An irritating skin disease.
Electuary: Medication that has been sweetened - usually with sugar or honey.
Embrocation: Liquid medication that is applied to the skin to relieve pain or inflammation.
Essential Oil: Highly volatile oils found in most plants. Also called ethereal oils.
Excoriation: Abrasion.
Excrement: Faeces.
Falling-sickness: Epilepsy.
Febrifuge: A medicine that reduces fever.
Felon: Whitlow.
Fistula: Abnormal tube-like passage in the body.
Fluor albus: Whitish vaginal discharge.
Flux: Excessive flow of any body secretion.
Fundament: The anus.
Flavonoids: Collective term for substances found in plants. Typical uses include as a diuretic, an antispasmodic, and for the relief of certain cardiac and circulatory disorders.
Glume: Small chafflike BRACT found at the base of the flower pairs of most grass. The chaff of cereal grains.
Glycosides Widely distributed plant substances that consist of a sugar and a non-sugar portion. The non-sugar (aglycone) is largely responsible for the medicinal effect.
Gall: Bile.
Gargarism: A gargle.
Gravel: Sand-like deposit in urine.
Hypochondrium: Upper part of abdomen.
Hypoglycaemic: Lowers blood sugar.
Humours: Any fluid of the body.
Imparpinnate: Odd PINNATE; a pinnately compound leaf with a terminal leaflet.
Inflorescence: Cluster of flowers.
Involucral: BRACTS subtending an INFLORESCENCE,
Imposthume: Purulent swelling or abscess.
Kernels: Hard swellings.
Kibes: Chilblains.
King's-evil: Constitutional condition with glandular swellings and tendency to tuberculosis, scrofula.
Lanceolate Lance-shaped; a leaf much longer than wide and gradually tapering from below the middle to the apex.
Laxes: Looseness of the bowel.
Leprosy: Chronic infectious disease affecting the skin.
Lethargy: Drowsiness or sleeping sickness.
Leucorrhoea: Vaginal discharge.
Lochia: Vaginal discharge after labour.
Lye: An alkaline solution filtered from wood ashes, detergent.
Leukorrhea/Leucorrhoea Whitish vaginal discharge, which may be caused by bacteria, fungi, trichomonads, or constitutional factors.
Lignify To become woody by thickening cell walls with lignin.
Ligule Little tongue; applied to the small appendage on the upper side of the leaf of grasses at the junction of the sheath and blade. Also used for the strap-shaped COROLLA of the circumferential flowers of the INFLORESCENCE of the aster or sun-flower family (Asteraceae).
Matrix: The womb.
Megrim: Migraine.
Mithridate: A medicine to protect against poison by giving gradually increasing doses of the toxic substance.
Morphy: Seleroderma, a chronic skin disease.
Mesocarp: Middle layer of a fruit. It may be fleshy as in DRUPE or woody as in nuts.
Monoecious: Species in which male and female flowers grow on the same plant. Contrast DIOECIOUS .
Mucolytic: Causing mucus to break down into a more watery liquid.
Mucilage: Plant substance that expands greatly when mixed with water, producing a viscous liquid that can coat mucous membranes.
Myocardial infarction: Deterioration of part of the muscular wall of the heart caused by inadequate blood supply (usually resulting from a clot or embolism). A heart attack.
Neurodystonia /neurasthenia: Nervous debility and exhaustion. Symptoms include palpitations, anxiety, dizziness, headaches, clammy hands and feet. neurasthenia is an older term
Obovate: Oval that is widest in the upper half. Contrast OVATE.
Olibanum: Frankincense, a gum resin.
Oxymel: A mixture of honey and vinegar.
Ovate: Oval that is widest in the lower half (as in a hen's egg). Contrast OBOVATE.
Palsy: Paralysis.
Pectoral: A medicine for the chest.
Pestilence: Any deadly epidemic disease.
Phlegm: Mucous from the bronchial tubes.
Phthisis: Advanced or chronic tuberculosis in which wasting is marked.
Pin and web: Disease of the eye with film or excrescence.
Plague: An acute fever transmitted by the bites of fleas which have derived the infection from rats.
Posset: Drink made of hot milk, curdled with ale and flavoured with herbs and used as a cold remedy.
Psoriasis: A scaly skin disease.
Panicle: Pyramical INFLORESCENCE formed by multiple branches. Each branch is a RACEME.
Papilionaceous: Flower form thought to resemble a butterfly.
Peduncle: Stalk of an INFLORESCENCE Or of a flower when borne singly.
Pharmacognocy: Study of medicinal plants.
Phyllary: Individual INVOLUCRAL BRACT.
Phytotherapy: Therapeutic use of medicinal plants.
Pinnate: Leaves arranged on opposite sides of a stem.
Pistil: Female flower part that bears the STIGMA.
Pruinous: (also prunose) Having a waxy layer or bloom on the surface (as in a prune).
Pseudocarp: False fruit.
Quinquefid: Five parted.
Raceme: Form of INFLORESCENCE with several single flowers growing on individual small stems and along a larger main stem.
Reds: Menstrual flow.
Reins: The kidneys, loins.
Rhagades: Fissures in the skin.
Rheum: Watery or catarrhal discharge.
Refrigerant: Medication that reduces bodily temperature.
Rhizome: Underground horizontal stem with scale leaves at the nodes that bears shoots above and roots below.
Saponin: Plant extract that produces soapy bubbles when mixed with water. Saponins can emulsify oils and cause thick mucous to liquify.
Schirrhi: Hard tumours.
Sciatica: Low back pain.
Scrofula: See King's-evil.
Scruple: Twenty grains.
Secundines: The afterbirth.
Sepals: Outermost floral whorl that serves as a protective enclosure for the petals (COROLLA), STAMENS, and young fruit.
Serrate: Toothed along the margin with sharp, forward pointing teeth. Contrast CRENATE.
Simpler: A herb doctor.
Simples: Medicinal herbs.
Silicic acid: Substance that plants absorb from the soil. Horsetail, borage, and grasses are high in silicic acid.
Spasmolytic: Medication that relieves muscular cramps or spasms.
Spatulate: Spoon-shaped; rounded above and constricted below.
Squarrose: Abruptly spreading or recurved above the base.
St Anthony's fire: Erysipelas, an acute inflammatory disease involving the skin.
Stamen: Pollen-bearing male organ of the flower.
Stigma: Part of the PISTIL that receives pollen.
Stolon: Above ground or underground side shoots that grow from the base of the stem, the flower rosette, the mother plant, or the root crown. Also called a runner.
Stomachic: Medication that stimulates the appetite.
Stone: A stone-like concretion formed in the urinary tract or in the gall bladder.
Strangury: Painful urination drop by drop.
Styptic: An agent that checks haemorrhage.
Sudorific: Medication that increases perspiration.
Syncarp: A multiple or aggregate fleshy fruit as in the mulberry or blackberry.
Styptic: An agent that checks haemorrhage.
Tannin: Plant substances that are able to bind proteins of the skin, transforming them into resistant, insoluble substances.
Tetters: A form of herpes, ringworm or eczema.
Theriaca: Treacle or molasses.
Travail: Painful or laborious childbirth.
Troches: Lozenges.
Trichomonad: Parasitic protozoan that sometimes infects the genitals.
Umbel: INFLORESCENCE in which the PEDUNCLE or pedicels of a flower cluster arise from a common point.
Vapours: Low spirits, depression, hysteria.
Venery: Sexual intercourse.
Verdigris: Copper acetate, an astringent.
Vulnerary: Wound healer.
Wen: Sebaceous cyst.
Whites: Vaginal discharge.